Basic marketing research spss software version 21

#BASIC MARKETING RESEARCH SPSS SOFTWARE VERSION 21 MANUAL#
#BASIC MARKETING RESEARCH SPSS SOFTWARE VERSION 21 FREE#
#BASIC MARKETING RESEARCH SPSS SOFTWARE VERSION 21 MAC#

Statistical output is to a proprietary file format (*.spo file, supporting pivot tables) for which, in addition to the in-package viewer, a stand-alone reader is provided. SPSS can read and write to external relational database tables via ODBC and SQL. SPSS can read and write data from ASCII text files (including hierarchical files), other statistics packages, spreadsheets and databases.

Larger datasets such as statistical surveys are more often created in data entry software, or entered during computer-assisted personal interviewing, by scanning and using optical character recognition and optical mark recognition software, or by direct capture from online questionnaires. This may be sufficient for small datasets. Cells in both views can be manually edited, defining the file structure and allowing data entry without using command syntax. The 'Variable View' displays the metadata dictionary where each row represents a variable and shows the variable name, variable label, value label(s), print width, measurement type and a variety of other characteristics. The 'Data View' shows a spreadsheet view of the cases (rows) and variables (columns). The graphical user interface has two views which can be toggled by clicking on one of the two tabs in the bottom left of the SPSS window. Files can be matched one-to-one and one-to-many, but not many-to-many. All data processing occurs sequentially case-by-case through the file. Only 2 data types are defined: numeric and text (or 'string').

SPSS datasets have a 2-dimensional table structure where the rows typically represent cases (such as individuals or households) and the columns represent measurements (such as age, sex or household income). SPSS places constraints on internal file structure, data types, data processing and matching files, which together considerably simplify programming. From version 14 onwards SPSS can be driven externally by a Python or a VB.NET program using supplied 'plug-ins'.

#BASIC MARKETING RESEARCH SPSS SOFTWARE VERSION 21 FREE#

In addition, the Python extension allows SPSS to run any of the statistics in the free software package R. The Python programmability extension, introduced in SPSS 14, replaced the less functional SAX Basic 'scripts' for most purposes, although SaxBasic remains available. Additionally a 'macro' language can be used to write command language subroutines and a Python programmability extension can access the information in the data dictionary and data and dynamically build command syntax programs. Programs can be run interactively, or unattended using the supplied Production Job Facility. The pull-down menu interface also generates command syntax, though the default settings have to be changed to make the syntax visible to the user. Command syntax programming has the benefits of reproducibility and handling complex data manipulations and analyses. The many features of SPSS are accessible via pull-down menus or can be programmed with a proprietary 4GL 'command syntax language'. *Prediction for identifying groups: Factor analysis, cluster analysis (two-step, K-means, hierarchical), Discriminant *Prediction for numerical outcomes: Linear regression *Bivariate statistics: Means, t-test, ANOVA, Correlation (bivariate, partial, distances), Nonparametric tests *Descriptive statistics: Cross tabulation, Frequencies, Descriptives, Explore, Descriptive Ratio Statistics Statistics included in the base software: In addition to statistical analysis, data management (case selection, file reshaping, creating derived data) and data documentation (a metadata dictionary is stored with the data) are features of the base software.

#BASIC MARKETING RESEARCH SPSS SOFTWARE VERSION 21 MANUAL#

The original SPSS manual (Nie, Bent & Hull, 1970) has been described as 'Sociology's most influential book'. It is used by market researchers, health researchers, survey companies, government, education researchers, marketing organizations and others. SPSS is among the most widely used programs for statistical analysis in social science. Nie was then a political science postgraduate at Stanford University, and now Research Professor in the Department of Political Science at Stanford and Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of Chicago. SPSS (originally, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) was released in its first version in 1968 after being founded by Norman Nie and C. Website = [ SPSS is a computer program used for statistical analysis.

#BASIC MARKETING RESEARCH SPSS SOFTWARE VERSION 21 MAC#

Operating_system = Windows, Linux / UNIX & Mac Latest_release_version = 17.0 (Win / Mac / Linux) Caption = SPSS 13 data view and pull-down analysis menus

Basic marketing research spss software version 21